/* A quiet, consistent editorial layer shared by every page. */
:root {
  --paper: #fcfbf8;
  --white: #fff;
  --ink: #192b38;
  --muted: #677075;
  --line: #deded8;
  --accent: #7c654f;
  --page-gutter: clamp(22px, 4vw, 48px);
  --content-width: 1440px;
  --heading-size: clamp(44px, 4.8vw, 66px);
}
html { scroll-padding-top: 110px; }
body { font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.6; }
h1, h2, h3, h4 { text-wrap: pretty; }
h1, h2 { letter-spacing: -.025em; }
a { text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 5px; }
button { touch-action: manipulation; }
.wrap { width: min(var(--content-width), calc(100% - var(--gutter-left) - var(--gutter-right))); max-width: var(--content-width); }
.eyebrow { font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .15em; color: var(--muted); font-weight: 500; }
.site-header {
  width: min(var(--content-width), calc(100% - var(--gutter-left) - var(--gutter-right)));
  max-width: var(--content-width);
  min-height: 83px;
  background: var(--paper);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  gap: 36px;
}
.wordmark { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 44px; min-width: 44px; font-size: 31px; letter-spacing: -.07em; }
#main-nav { gap: 25px; }
#main-nav a { font-size: 17px; font-weight: 400; }
#main-nav a[aria-current] { border-bottom-color: var(--accent); }
#main-nav .contact-nav { margin-left: 0; }
.reading-progress { position: fixed; left: 0; top: 0; height: 2px; width: 100%; transform: scaleX(0); transform-origin: left; background: var(--accent); z-index: 100; pointer-events: none; }
.page-opening { text-align: left; padding: 28px 0 14px; }
.page-opening h1 { margin: 0; font-size: var(--heading-size); line-height: 1.1; }
.page-opening > p { max-width: 650px; margin: 20px 0 0; font-size: 22px; line-height: 1.5; }
.jump-nav { justify-content: start; gap: 4px 26px; padding-top: 4px; margin-top: 14px; }
.jump-nav a { font-size: 17px; }
.text-link { font-size: 19px; }
.quiet-link { min-height: 44px; font-size: 18px; text-decoration: underline; display: inline-block; padding-block: 6px; }
.quiet-link > span, .text-link > span { margin-left: 5px; }
.project-section, .research-section, .activity-section, .work-section { padding-block: 30px 58px; }
.article-heading { margin-bottom: 26px; gap: 20px; }
.article-heading h2 { font-size: clamp(36px, 4vw, 51px); }
.subtitle { font-size: 22px; }
.project-story { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.15fr) minmax(0, .85fr); gap: 56px; }
.prose p { margin-bottom: 18px; }
.prose p.credit { font-size: 16px; }
.project-story > .photo img { aspect-ratio: auto; height: auto; max-height: 480px; object-fit: contain; }
.project-awardline { padding-block: 12px; font-size: 18px; }
.project-proof-nav { gap: 4px 22px; }
.project-proof-nav a { font-size: 16px; }
.project-validations { margin-top: 36px; padding-top: 25px; }
.project-validations > h3 { font-size: 31px; margin-top: 10px; }
.validation-list { margin-top: 20px; }
.validation-item { padding-block: 24px; gap: 36px; }
.validation-item h4 { font-family: var(--display); font-size: 28px; line-height: 1.15; }
.validation-item .validation-result { font-size: 20px; }
.validation-item p:not(.validation-result) { font-size: 18px; }
.validation-links a { font-size: 16px; }
.complete-recognition .validation-image { width: 150px; }
.complete-recognition .validation-image > img { max-height: 210px; }
.all-recognition { padding-block: 30px 55px; }
.all-recognition > h2 { font-size: 40px; }
.recognition-project-group { margin-top: 38px; }
.recognition-project-group > h3 { font-size: 31px; }
.gallery-heading > h3, .iei-fieldwork > h3 { font-size: 30px; }
.gallery-description { font-size: 18px; }
.complete-gallery { column-gap: 26px; }
.complete-gallery figcaption { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.45; }
.complete-gallery > .photo { margin-bottom: 28px; }
.photo a { background: transparent; }
.photo a img { transition: transform 600ms cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.3,1), opacity 300ms; }
@media (hover: hover) { .photo a:hover img { transform: scale(1.018); } }
.proof-project-heading h2 { font-size: clamp(36px, 4vw, 51px); }
.proof-project-heading p { font-size: 19px; }
.proof-group > h3, .proof-media-summary > h3 { font-size: 30px; }
.proof-record { gap: 45px; padding-block: 28px; }
.proof-record.has-preview { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 225px; }
.proof-copy h4 { font-size: 30px; }
.proof-copy > p { font-size: 19px; }
.proof-copy .proof-result { font-size: 21px; }
.proof-preview > a { background: white; }
.proof-kind { font-size: 10px; color: var(--muted); }
.proof-directory-list h3 { font-size: 27px; }
.proof-directory-list p { font-size: 17px; }
.proof-links a { font-size: 17px; }
.complete-document-library > h2 { font-size: 43px; }
.education-intro { padding-top: 45px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.paper-cover { padding: 16px; background: #fff; }
.paper-cover > img { max-height: 410px; }
.paper-cover > span { font-size: 16px; }
.research-section > h2, .research-section > div[data-reveal] > h2 { font-size: clamp(36px, 4vw, 52px); margin-top: 16px; max-width: 840px; }
.research-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.45fr) minmax(0, .75fr); gap: 60px; margin-top: 32px; }
.research-abstract { padding-block: 18px; }
.research-abstract summary { font-size: 21px; }
.research-abstract p { font-size: 18px; }
.research-actions { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: start; gap: 13px; margin: 25px 0; }
.research-actions .text-link { margin-top: 0; }
.study-facts { gap: 24px; margin-block: 26px; padding-block: 20px; }
.study-facts dt { font-size: 35px; }
.study-facts dd { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.4; }
.paper-title { font-size: 17px; color: var(--muted); }
.career-meta { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 7px 20px; margin-top: 19px; padding-bottom: 18px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 17px; }
.career-meta span + span { color: var(--accent); }
.career-heading { display: flex; gap: 22px; align-items: start; margin-bottom: 30px; }
.career-heading > div { min-width: 0; }
.career-heading > .index-number { margin-top: 8px; }
.career-heading h2 { font-size: clamp(36px, 4vw, 50px); max-width: 800px; }
.career-role { font-size: 19px; color: var(--accent); margin-bottom: 12px; }
.career-distinction { font-size: 20px; margin-top: 18px; font-style: italic; }
.work-section { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.work-story { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.25fr) minmax(0, .75fr); gap: 65px; align-items: start; }
.work-document { display: block; max-width: 280px; justify-self: end; }
.work-document img { max-height: 370px; width: 100%; object-fit: contain; }
.work-document > span { display: block; font-size: 16px; margin-top: 13px; text-decoration: underline; }
.work-story .photo img { height: auto; aspect-ratio: auto; }
.work-section .project-validations > .quiet-link { margin-top: 23px; }
.urban-research { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.15fr) minmax(0, .85fr); gap: 60px; }
.urban-heading h2 { font-size: clamp(36px, 4vw, 50px); margin-top: 15px; }
.urban-heading .career-role { margin-top: 18px; }
.urban-description { align-self: end; padding-bottom: 13px; }
.research-focus { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); margin-top: 24px; padding-top: 17px; font-size: 17px; }
.research-focus span { padding-inline: 8px; color: var(--accent); }

/* Home: a compact, personal introduction, then recognition and press. */
.home-editorial { max-width: 840px; }
.editorial-intro { padding-top: 45px; }
.home-location { color: var(--muted); font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .13em; margin-bottom: 17px; }
.editorial-intro h1 { width: fit-content; max-width: 100%; font-size: clamp(36px, 4.3vw, 54px); line-height: 1.12; font-weight: 500; position: relative; padding-bottom: 11px; }
.editorial-intro h1::after { content: ''; position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 1px; background: #b9aaa0; transform-origin: left; animation: draw-line 900ms cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.3,1) both; }
.intro-invitation { display: flex; gap: 12px; align-items: center; margin-top: 12px; font-size: 16px; color: var(--accent); }
.intro-invitation svg { width: 39px; height: 23px; fill: none; stroke: currentColor; stroke-width: 1; }
.intro-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 290px; gap: 48px; margin-top: 22px; align-items: center; }
.intro-words { font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.55; }
.intro-words p + p { margin-top: 15px; }
.intro-words .quiet-link { margin-top: 15px; font-size: 16px; }
.intro-photographs .carousel { width: 100%; }
.intro-photographs .slide-stage { aspect-ratio: 1.28; background: transparent; }
.intro-photographs .slide img { object-fit: contain; }
.intro-photographs .carousel-bar { padding-top: 6px; gap: 8px; }
.intro-photographs .carousel-bar p { font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.35; }
.intro-photographs .carousel-controls { gap: 0; }
.intro-photographs .carousel-controls button { width: 36px; min-width: 36px; height: 44px; font-size: 18px; }
.intro-photographs .slide-count { font-size: 11px; padding-inline: 3px; }
.intro-photographs .slide-dots { margin-top: 0; }
.home-strip { margin-top: 32px; border: 0; padding: 0; overflow: hidden; }
.home-strip-heading { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; margin-bottom: 15px; }
.home-strip-heading h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 21px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0; }
.home-strip-heading button { border: 0; background: transparent; color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; padding: 8px 0 8px 16px; min-height: 44px; }
.home-strip .marquee-window { mask-image: linear-gradient(to right,transparent,#000 3%,#000 97%,transparent); }
.home-strip .marquee-track { animation-duration: 55s; }
.home-strip .marquee-group { gap: 48px; padding-right: 48px; padding-left: 28px; }
.identity-mark { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; min-height: 106px; text-align: center; width: 190px; flex: 0 0 190px; padding: 12px 4px; }
.identity-mark img { display: block; width: 182px; height: 62px; object-fit: contain; transition: opacity .2s; }
.identity-mark small { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 8px; white-space: nowrap; }
.identity-mark:hover { text-decoration: none; }
.identity-mark:hover img { opacity: .7; }
.identity-mark:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: -2px; border-radius: 3px; }
.identity-mark.press-identity { min-height: 82px; width: 170px; flex-basis: 170px; }
.identity-mark.press-identity img { width: 162px; height: 50px; }
.identity-mark img[src$="cnn.svg"] { width: 95px; }
/* The publisher's 600px source includes unused space to the right of its wordmark. */
.identity-mark.press-identity img[src$="india-today.png"] { height: 28px; object-fit: cover; object-position: left; }
.home-archive-link { display: inline-block; text-decoration: underline; font-size: 16px; margin-top: 12px; min-height: 36px; }
.site-footer { --ink: #fcfbf8; --muted: #f0dce0; --line: #ffffff40; background: #a61d30; color: var(--ink); border-top: 0; padding-top: 42px; }
.site-footer h2 { font-size: 39px; margin: 13px 0 19px; }
.footer-email { font-size: 24px; }
.footer-phone { font-size: 18px; }
.footer-bottom { border-color: var(--line); margin-top: 36px; font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); }
.lightbox { background: var(--paper); }
.source-note, .proof-note { font-size: 16px; }

/* Motion decorates the content; content is visible if scripts cannot run. */
body.motion-ready [data-reveal] { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(18px); transition: opacity 650ms ease, transform 650ms cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.3,1); }
body.motion-ready [data-reveal].is-revealed { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
@keyframes draw-line { from { transform: scaleX(0); } to { transform: scaleX(1); } }
@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .site-header { min-height: 79px; padding-block: 15px; gap: 0; }
  #main-nav { padding-top: 13px; gap: 3px 25px; }
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .project-story, .research-layout, .work-story { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 28px; }
  .project-story > .photo { max-width: 620px; }
  .research-layout aside { max-width: 320px; width: 100%; justify-self: start; margin: 0; }
  .work-document { justify-self: start; width: 280px; max-width: 100%; }
  .intro-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 270px; gap: 30px; }
  .intro-words { font-size: 19px; }
  .urban-research { gap: 30px; }
}
@media (max-width: 700px) {
  body { font-size: 19px; }
  .page-opening { padding-top: 24px; padding-bottom: 12px; }
  .page-opening > p { font-size: 20px; }
  .page-opening h1 { font-size: clamp(38px, 7vw, 52px); }
  .intro-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 27px; margin-top: 23px; }
  .editorial-intro { padding-top: 35px; }
  .editorial-intro h1 { font-size: clamp(34px, 7.7vw, 47px); }
  .home-location { line-height: 1.6; font-size: 10px; max-width: 300px; }
  .intro-words { font-size: 20px; }
  .intro-words p + p { margin-top: 12px; }
  .intro-words .quiet-link { margin-top: 8px; }
  .intro-photographs { width: min(100%, 400px); justify-self: center; }
  .intro-photographs .slide-stage { aspect-ratio: 1.22; }
  .intro-photographs .carousel-bar { flex-direction: row; gap: 8px; }
  .intro-photographs .carousel-bar p { text-align: left; width: auto; }
  .intro-photographs .carousel-controls { gap: 0; }
  .intro-photographs .carousel-controls button { min-width: 44px; width: 44px; }
  .intro-photographs .carousel-controls .slide-count { font-size: 11px; }
  .home-strip { margin-top: 30px; }
  .home-strip .marquee-group { gap: 30px; padding-right: 30px; }
  .home-strip-heading { margin-bottom: 8px; }
  .identity-mark { width: 170px; flex-basis: 170px; }
  .identity-mark img { width: 162px; height: 58px; }
  .urban-research { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 15px; }
  .career-heading { gap: 13px; }
  .career-heading h2 { font-size: 36px; }
  .career-heading > .index-number { font-size: 14px; }
  .career-role { font-size: 18px; }
  .career-meta { font-size: 16px; gap: 5px 16px; }
  .study-facts { gap: 16px; }
  .study-facts dt { font-size: 30px; }
  .study-facts dd { font-size: 14px; }
  .proof-record.has-preview { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 23px; }
  .complete-recognition .validation-image { width: min(100%, 300px); }
  .complete-recognition .validation-image > img { max-height: 340px; }
  .proof-project-heading h2 { font-size: 36px; }
  .complete-document-library > h2 { font-size: 37px; }
  .footer-bottom { font-size: 13px; }
  .site-footer h2 { font-size: 35px; }
}
@media (max-width: 380px) {
  .intro-photographs .carousel-bar { flex-direction: column; }
  .intro-photographs .carousel-bar p { text-align: center; width: 100%; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  body.motion-ready [data-reveal] { opacity: 1; transform: none; transition: none; }
  .reading-progress { display: none; }
  .home-strip .marquee-group { justify-content: start; padding: 0; gap: 18px; }
  .home-strip .identity-mark { min-width: 0; flex: 0 1 170px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 80px; }
  .home-strip .identity-mark img { max-width: 100%; }
  .home-strip .identity-mark small { white-space: normal; }
  .home-strip .marquee-window { mask-image: none; }
  .home-strip-heading button { display: none; }
}
@media print {
  body.motion-ready [data-reveal] { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
  .reading-progress { display: none; }
  .home-strip .marquee-group { flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .home-strip .marquee-group[aria-hidden] { display: none; }
  .intro-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr 250px; }
}

/* Selected project stories: open spacing, three images, evidence on request. */
.site-header, .footer-bottom,
main :where(section, article, header, nav, figure, li, a, details, summary, div, dl) { border-top: 0 !important; border-bottom: 0 !important; }
main hr { display: none; }
.editorial-intro h1::after { content: none; }
.home-editorial { max-width: 1040px; padding-bottom: 48px; }
.intro-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.15fr) minmax(280px, .85fr); gap: 76px; margin-top: 32px; }
.intro-portrait { margin: 0; max-width: 360px; justify-self: end; }
.intro-portrait img { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; border-radius: 5px; }
.intro-words { font-size: 23px; line-height: 1.55; }
.projects-opening { padding-top: 48px; padding-bottom: 15px; }
.projects-opening h1 { font-size: clamp(48px, 6vw, 76px); }
.project-feature { padding-block: 65px 95px; scroll-margin-top: 65px; }
.project-overview { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 65px; align-items: start; }
.project-narrative h2 { font-size: clamp(40px, 4.7vw, 62px); line-height: 1.07; margin: 0 0 29px; font-weight: 500; }
.project-narrative p { font-size: 21px; line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.project-feature-images { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 22px 18px; padding-top: 6px; }
.project-feature-images .photo { margin: 0; min-width: 0; }
.project-feature-images .photo:last-child { grid-column: 1/-1; }
.project-feature-images .photo > a { display: block; overflow: hidden; border-radius: 5px; background: #f2f0eb; }
.project-feature-images .photo img { display: block; height: 250px; width: 100%; object-fit: contain; transition: transform 300ms ease; }
.project-feature-images .photo:last-child img { height: 270px; }
.project-feature-images figcaption { font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.4; margin-top: 9px; color: var(--muted); }
.project-feature-images .enlarge { display: none; }
@media (hover:hover) and (pointer:fine) {
 .project-feature-images a:hover img { transform: scale(1.045); }
}
.project-feature-images a:focus-visible img { transform: scale(1.045); }
.project-evidence-controls { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; margin-top: 30px; }
.project-evidence-controls button { font: inherit; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.2; padding: 12px 16px; min-height: 44px; border: 1px solid #b6b4ac; border-radius: 24px; color: var(--ink); background: transparent; cursor: pointer; }
.project-evidence-controls button:hover, .project-evidence-controls button[aria-expanded=true] { color: #fff; background-color: #a61d30; border-color: #a61d30; }
.project-evidence-controls button:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid #a61d30; outline-offset: 4px; }
.project-evidence-panel { margin-top: 40px; padding: 32px; background: #f4f2ed; border-radius: 6px; scroll-margin-top: 45px; }
.project-evidence-panel[hidden] { display: none; }
.project-evidence-panel h3 { font-size: 30px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.project-evidence-panel h4 { font-size: 25px; }
.project-evidence-panel .archive-gallery { margin-top: 28px; }
.project-evidence-panel .validation-list { margin-top: 18px; }
.project-evidence-panel .validation-item { padding-block: 18px; }
.project-source-library { margin-top: 32px; }
.project-source-library > a { display: block; margin: 12px 0; }
.project-media-results { max-height: 580px; overflow-y: auto; padding-right: 14px; overscroll-behavior: contain; }
.project-media-results > section { margin-top: 30px; }
.project-media-list { list-style: none; padding: 0; }
.project-media-list li { margin-top: 14px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.45; }
[data-project-color] { color: #a61d30; }
body.project-color-ready [data-project-color] { background: linear-gradient(to right,#a61d30 0 var(--color-progress,0%),#677075 var(--color-progress,0%) 100%); background-clip: text; -webkit-background-clip: text; color: transparent; }
@media(max-width:800px) {
 .intro-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr minmax(230px,.85fr); gap: 32px; }
 .intro-words { font-size: 21px; }
 .project-overview { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); gap: 30px; }
 .project-feature { padding-block: 45px 65px; }
 .project-feature-images .photo img { height: 260px; }
 .project-feature-images .photo:last-child img { height: 300px; }
 .project-narrative { max-width: 650px; }
}
@media(max-width:600px) {
 .intro-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); gap: 28px; }
 .intro-portrait { width: min(100%,330px); justify-self: center; }
 .intro-words { font-size: 21px; }
 .project-narrative p { font-size: 20px; }
 .project-feature-images { gap: 17px 12px; }
 .project-feature-images .photo img { height: 190px; }
 .project-feature-images .photo:last-child img { height: 235px; }
 .project-evidence-controls { gap: 9px; }
 .project-evidence-controls button { font-size: 14px; padding: 12px 13px; }
 .project-evidence-panel { padding: 20px 16px; margin-top: 28px; }
 .project-feature-images figcaption { font-size: 12px; }
 .project-media-results { max-height: 60svh; }
}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce) {
 .project-feature-images .photo img { transition: none; transform: none; }
 body.project-color-ready [data-project-color] { background: none; color: #a61d30; }
}
@media print {
 .project-evidence-panel[hidden] { display: block; }
 .project-evidence-controls { display: none; }
 .project-media-results { max-height: none; overflow: visible; }
}

.proof-directory-list > a { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 18px; }
@media(max-width:1000px) { .project-overview { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); gap: 30px; } .project-narrative { max-width: 650px; } }
@media(max-width:700px) { .proof-project-heading > div { flex-basis: 100%; } }

/* Compact home composition; the portrait shares the introduction's top edge. */
.home-editorial { max-width: 1080px; padding-bottom: 28px; }
.editorial-intro { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1.55fr) minmax(250px,.85fr); align-items: center; gap: 52px; padding-top: 28px; }
.intro-copy { min-width: 0; }
.editorial-intro h1 { font-size: clamp(38px,4.2vw,55px); padding: 0; margin: 0 0 23px; }
.home-location { margin-bottom: 12px; line-height: 1.6; }
.intro-words { font-size: 21px; line-height: 1.5; max-width: 650px; }
.intro-words p + p { margin-top: 13px; }
.intro-words .quiet-link { margin-top: 9px; }
.intro-portrait { width: 100%; max-width: 300px; justify-self: end; }
.home-strip { margin-top: 21px; }
.home-strip-heading { margin-bottom: 3px; }
.home-strip .marquee-group { gap: 36px; padding-right: 36px; }
.home-strip .identity-mark { min-height: 94px; padding-block: 7px; }
.home-strip .identity-mark.press-identity { min-height: 67px; }
.home-strip.press-marquee .marquee-track { animation-direction: reverse; }
.home-archive-link { margin-top: 5px; }
@media(max-width:800px) {
 .editorial-intro { gap: 28px; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1.4fr) minmax(210px,.8fr); }
 .intro-words { font-size: 20px; }
 .intro-portrait { max-width: 260px; }
 .editorial-intro h1 { font-size: 43px; }
}
@media(max-width:600px) {
 .editorial-intro { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); gap: 22px; padding-top: 25px; }
 .editorial-intro h1 { font-size: 40px; margin-bottom: 19px; }
 .intro-portrait { max-width: 260px; justify-self: center; }
 .home-strip { margin-top: 24px; }
 .home-location { font-size: 9px; letter-spacing: .08em; }
}

/* Visible project choreography: staggered copy, rising photographs, and scroll depth. */
body.motion-ready .project-narrative [data-reveal],
body.motion-ready .project-feature-images .photo[data-reveal] { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(38px); transition: opacity .75s ease, transform .85s cubic-bezier(.2,.75,.2,1); transition-delay: calc(var(--reveal-order,0) * 85ms); }
body.motion-ready .project-narrative [data-reveal].is-revealed,
body.motion-ready .project-feature-images .photo[data-reveal].is-revealed { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
.project-feature-images { transform: translateY(var(--project-depth,0px)); }
.project-feature-images .photo > a { transition: box-shadow .3s ease, transform .35s ease; }
.project-feature-images .photo img { transition: transform .55s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1); }
@media(hover:hover) and (pointer:fine) {
 .project-feature-images .photo a:hover { transform: translateY(-5px); box-shadow: 0 14px 32px #192b381c; }
 .project-feature-images .photo a:hover img { transform: scale(1.08); }
}
.project-feature-images .photo a:focus-visible img { transform: scale(1.08); }
.project-evidence-panel:not([hidden]) { animation: project-panel-in .4s ease both; }
@keyframes project-panel-in { from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(14px); } to { opacity: 1; transform: none; } }
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce) {
 body.motion-ready .project-narrative [data-reveal],body.motion-ready .project-feature-images .photo[data-reveal] { opacity: 1; transform: none; transition: none; }
 .project-feature-images { transform: none; }
 .project-feature-images .photo a:hover,.project-feature-images .photo a:focus-visible,.project-feature-images .photo a:hover img,.project-feature-images .photo a:focus-visible img { transform: none; box-shadow: none; }
 .project-evidence-panel:not([hidden]) { animation: none; }
}
#plas-stick .project-feature-images .process-photo { grid-column: 1/-1; }
#plas-stick .project-feature-images .photo:last-child { grid-column: auto; }
.process-steps { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 8px; }
.process-steps a { display: block; min-width: 0; overflow: hidden; border-radius: 4px; }
.project-feature-images .process-steps img { height: 170px; object-fit: cover; }
.process-steps span { display: block; font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; color: var(--accent); }
#plas-stick .project-feature-images .photo:not(.process-photo) img { height: 285px; background: transparent; }
#plas-stick .project-feature-images .photo:not(.process-photo) > a { background: transparent; }
@media(max-width:600px) {
 .project-feature-images .process-steps img { height: 135px; }
 #plas-stick .project-feature-images .photo:not(.process-photo) img { height: 230px; }
}

/* Projects use the available desktop width with conventional edge gutters. */
body[data-page="my-projects"] :is(.wrap, .site-header) {
 max-width: 1440px;
 width: min(1440px, calc(100% - var(--gutter-left) - var(--gutter-right)));
}
body[data-page="my-projects"] .site-footer {
 padding-left: max(var(--gutter-left), calc((100% - 1440px) / 2));
 padding-right: max(var(--gutter-right), calc((100% - 1440px) / 2));
}
.projects-opening { padding-top: 28px; padding-bottom: 6px; }
.projects-opening h1 { margin-top: 0; font-size: clamp(44px,4.8vw,66px); line-height: 1.1; }
.projects-opening .jump-nav { margin-top: 14px; padding-top: 4px; gap: 5px 27px; }
.projects-opening .jump-nav a { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 44px; }
.project-feature { padding-block: 30px 58px; }
.project-overview { gap: clamp(28px,4vw,60px); }
.project-narrative p { max-width: 66ch; }
@media(max-width:800px) {
 .projects-opening { padding-top: 24px; }
 .project-feature { padding-block: 25px 42px; }
}
@media(max-width:600px) {
 .projects-opening .jump-nav { gap: 0 19px; margin-top: 10px; }
 .project-feature { padding-top: 23px; }
}
body[data-page="my-projects"] .site-header { padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; }

/* A second, restrained layer of project-only interaction. */
.project-title-word { display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; }
.project-letter { display: inline-block; }
body.motion-ready .project-narrative h2 .project-letter {
 opacity: 0; transform: translateY(.65em) rotateX(-30deg);
 transition: opacity .55s ease, transform .7s cubic-bezier(.2,.75,.2,1);
 transition-delay: calc(var(--letter-order) * 23ms);
}
body.motion-ready .project-narrative h2.is-revealed .project-letter { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
.project-feature-images .photo > a {
 transform: perspective(900px) rotateX(var(--photo-tilt-x,0deg)) rotateY(var(--photo-tilt-y,0deg));
 transition: transform .28s ease, box-shadow .3s ease;
}
@media(hover:hover) and (pointer:fine) {
 .project-feature-images .photo > a:hover {
  transform: perspective(900px) rotateX(var(--photo-tilt-x,0deg)) rotateY(var(--photo-tilt-y,0deg)) translateY(-6px);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 36px #192b3824;
 }
}
.project-feature-images .photo > a:focus-visible { transform: perspective(900px) rotateX(-1deg) rotateY(1deg) translateY(-4px); }
.project-evidence-controls button {
 background-color: transparent;
 background-image: linear-gradient(#a61d30,#a61d30);
 background-size: 0% 100%; background-position: left center; background-repeat: no-repeat;
 transition: background-size .32s ease, color .25s ease, border-color .25s ease, transform .2s ease, box-shadow .25s ease;
}
.project-evidence-controls button:hover,
.project-evidence-controls button[aria-expanded=true] {
 background-color: transparent; background-size: 100% 100%;
 transform: translateY(-3px); box-shadow: 0 5px 14px #a61d301a;
}
.project-evidence-controls button:active { transform: translateY(0) scale(.97); }
.projects-opening .jump-nav a { transition: color .25s ease, transform .25s ease; }
.projects-opening .jump-nav a:hover { color: #a61d30; transform: translateY(-3px); }
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce) {
 body.motion-ready .project-narrative h2 .project-letter { opacity: 1; transform: none; transition: none; }
 .project-feature-images .photo > a,
 .project-feature-images .photo > a:hover,
 .project-feature-images .photo > a:focus-visible,
 .project-evidence-controls button:hover,
 .project-evidence-controls button[aria-expanded=true],
 .project-evidence-controls button:active,
 .projects-opening .jump-nav a:hover { transform: none; transition: none; }
}

/* Shared finish: the same edges, heading rhythm and evidence treatment on every page. */
.site-header { padding-inline: 0; }
.site-footer {
 padding-left: max(var(--gutter-left), calc((100% - var(--content-width)) / 2));
 padding-right: max(var(--gutter-right), calc((100% - var(--content-width)) / 2));
}
.home-editorial { max-width: none; }
.editorial-intro { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1.45fr) minmax(280px,.75fr); gap: clamp(32px,5vw,76px); }
.intro-portrait { max-width: 340px; }
.intro-words { max-width: 660px; }
.jump-nav { line-height: 1.35; }
.jump-nav a { padding-block: 8px; transition: color .22s ease, transform .22s ease; }
.jump-nav a:hover { color: #a61d30; transform: translateY(-2px); }
.prose { max-width: 68ch; }
:is(.research-section, .work-section, .activity-section) { scroll-margin-top: 28px; }
.research-section > div[data-reveal] > h2 { margin-top: 0; }
.career-heading { margin-bottom: 24px; }
.career-heading h2, .urban-heading h2 { font-size: clamp(36px,3.8vw,52px); line-height: 1.12; }
.career-role { margin-bottom: 9px; }
.career-distinction { margin-top: 12px; }
.career-meta { margin-top: 15px; padding-bottom: 0; }
.research-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1.25fr) minmax(300px,.85fr); gap: clamp(32px,4vw,60px); margin-top: 26px; }
.research-layout .prose, .work-story .prose { max-width: 76ch; }
.research-layout aside { max-width: 430px; width: 100%; justify-self: start; }
.paper-cover, .work-document, .proof-preview > a, .validation-image {
 border-radius: 5px; overflow: hidden; background: #f2f0eb; padding: 14px;
 transition: transform .35s ease, box-shadow .35s ease;
}
.paper-cover img, .work-document img, .proof-preview img, .validation-image img { display: block; }
.paper-cover > span, .work-document > span { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.4; }
.work-story { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1.25fr) minmax(300px,.85fr); gap: clamp(32px,4vw,60px); }
.work-document { max-width: 400px; width: 100%; justify-self: start; }
.work-document img { max-height: 390px; }
.work-story > .photo { max-width: 480px; justify-self: end; }
.work-section .project-validations { margin-top: 26px; padding-top: 0; }
.work-section .evidence-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); max-width: 850px; }
.work-section .evidence { padding-top: 0; }
.work-section .evidence > img { width: 95px; height: 128px; }
.activity-section > h2 { margin-top: 0; font-size: clamp(36px,3.8vw,52px); max-width: 950px; }
.activity-section > .section-intro { max-width: 68ch; margin-top: 0; }
.activity-section .archive-gallery { margin-top: 28px; }
.complete-gallery { column-gap: 24px; }
.complete-gallery > .photo img { max-height: 520px; object-fit: contain; object-position: top; }
.photo > a { border-radius: 5px; }
.photo figcaption, .film figcaption { max-width: 65ch; }
.film video { border-radius: 5px; background: #16191b; }
.all-recognition { padding-top: 22px; }
.all-recognition > h2 { margin-top: 0; font-size: 36px; }
.recognition-project-group { margin-top: 30px; }
.recognition-project-group > h3 { font-size: 32px; }
.complete-recognition .validation-list { margin-top: 12px; }
.complete-recognition .validation-item { padding-block: 22px; gap: 30px; }
.complete-recognition .validation-image { width: 165px; padding: 10px; }
.complete-recognition .validation-image > img { max-height: 225px; }
.complete-document-library { padding-block: 30px 48px; }
.complete-document-library > h2 { margin-top: 0; font-size: 40px; }
.education-intro, .programme { gap: clamp(28px,5vw,76px); padding-block: 30px 48px; }
.education-intro > .photo, .programme > .photo { width: min(100%,480px); justify-self: end; }
.proof-directory { padding-bottom: 25px; }
.proof-directory > h2 { margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 33px; }
.proof-directory-list > a { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 18px; padding-block: 18px; gap: 18px; }
.proof-directory-list h3 { line-height: 1.15; }
.proof-directory-list > a > span:last-child { transition: transform .25s ease; }
.proof-directory-list > a:hover > span:last-child { transform: translate(3px,-3px); }
.proof-project { padding-block: 32px 48px; }
.proof-project-heading { gap: 20px; }
.proof-project-heading h2 { line-height: 1.12; }
.proof-project-heading p { margin-top: 10px; }
.proof-group { margin-top: 28px; }
.proof-record { padding-block: 24px; }
.proof-record.has-preview { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 270px; gap: clamp(28px,5vw,76px); }
.proof-copy > p { max-width: 70ch; }
.proof-copy .proof-result { color: #8d2433; font-style: normal; }
.proof-preview > a { padding: 12px; }
.proof-kind { letter-spacing: .06em; }
.media-archive { padding-top: 18px; }
.media-toolbar { margin-bottom: 20px; align-items: center; }
.media-toolbar input { background: #f4f2ed; border-radius: 5px; border-color: #c9c6bf; min-height: 50px; }
.media-category { margin-top: 32px; }
.media-category > h2 { font-size: 34px; margin-bottom: 14px; }
.media-list > li { padding-block: 13px; }
a:focus-visible, summary:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid #a61d30; outline-offset: 5px; border-radius: 2px; }
@media(min-width:1100px) {
 .complete-recognition .validation-list { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 8px 60px; align-items: start; }
 .complete-recognition .validation-item { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); }
 .complete-recognition .validation-item:has(.validation-image) { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 145px; gap: 20px; }
 .complete-recognition .validation-image { width: 145px; }
}
@media(hover:hover) and (pointer:fine) {
 .paper-cover:hover, .work-document:hover, .proof-preview > a:hover, .validation-image:hover { transform: translateY(-4px); box-shadow: 0 12px 25px #192b3812; }
 .complete-gallery .photo a:hover img, .work-story .photo a:hover img { transform: scale(1.035); }
}
@media(max-width:900px) {
 .research-layout, .work-story { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) minmax(210px,.55fr); gap: 28px; }
 .research-layout aside { max-width: 290px; }
 .proof-record.has-preview { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 210px; gap: 28px; }
 .editorial-intro { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1.4fr) minmax(210px,.8fr); gap: 28px; }
 .intro-portrait { max-width: 280px; }
 .education-intro > .photo, .programme > .photo { justify-self: start; }
}
@media(max-width:700px) {
 .research-layout, .work-story, .proof-record.has-preview { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); gap: 24px; }
 .research-layout aside, .work-story > .photo, .work-document { justify-self: start; width: min(100%,350px); max-width: 350px; }
 .research-section, .work-section, .activity-section { padding-block: 24px 42px; }
 .career-heading h2, .urban-heading h2 { font-size: clamp(34px,7vw,43px); }
 .complete-recognition .validation-image { width: min(100%,240px); }
 .proof-preview { width: min(100%,300px); }
 .proof-project-heading > div { flex-basis: 100%; }
 .proof-back { margin-left: 0; }
 .complete-document-library > h2 { font-size: 35px; }
 .work-section .evidence-grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); gap: 22px; }
 .proof-letter-index { padding-top: 20px; }
 .proof-record { padding-block: 20px; }
 .complete-gallery > .photo img { max-height: none; }
}
@media(max-width:600px) {
 .editorial-intro { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); gap: 22px; }
 .intro-portrait { max-width: 280px; justify-self: center; }
 .complete-document-library, .education-intro, .programme { padding-block: 24px 38px; }
}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce) {
 .jump-nav a, .proof-directory-list > a > span:last-child, .paper-cover, .work-document, .proof-preview > a, .validation-image, .photo a img { transition: none; }
 .jump-nav a:hover, .proof-directory-list > a:hover > span:last-child, .paper-cover:hover, .work-document:hover, .proof-preview > a:hover, .validation-image:hover, .complete-gallery .photo a:hover img, .work-story .photo a:hover img { transform: none; box-shadow: none; }
}
@media print {
 .wrap { width: 100%; max-width: none; }
 .complete-recognition .validation-list { display: block; }
}

/* Additional award identities keep original assets and the existing moving strip. */
.home-strip .marquee-track { animation-duration: var(--strip-duration,55s); }
.identity-mark img[src$="capital-investments-berkeley.png"] { filter: brightness(0); }
.identity-mark img[src$="shining-world.jpg"] { object-fit: cover; object-position: top; border-radius: 3px; }
.identity-mark img[src$="the-world-around.svg"] { width: 150px; }
.identity-mark img[src$="youth-ideathon.jpg"] { object-fit: cover; object-position: center; clip-path: inset(7px 0 21px); transform: scale(1.1); }
.identity-mark small { max-width: 100%; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.35; }

.identity-mark img[src$="conrad-logo.png"] { filter: brightness(0); }
.identity-mark img[src$="government-india.png"] { width: 56px; }

.lock-portfolio { margin: 0; }
.lock-portfolio button { font: inherit; color: inherit; background: transparent; border: 0; padding: 10px 0; min-height: 44px; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 4px; }
.lock-portfolio button:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid currentColor; outline-offset: 4px; }